Valve modification can be defined as: adding value to standard or “commodity” valves by installing actuators, special trims, different end-connections, packing and gaskets, and other accessories or upgrades not provided on the original product. These modifications are primarily for gate, globe, check and ball valves.

Valves are a vital part of the piping systems that run like arteries and veins throughout industrial plants. The ports of the valves are the main passageways for fluids; however, situations when additional, smaller supplementary lines attached to the primary valves are needed happen often.

From time to time, we re-publish well-received or particularly valuable articles that have previously run on VALVEMagazine.com so that those who might have missed them will be able to catch up on the best of the best. This article, “Flashing and Cavitation” by Bert Evans and Richard L. Ritter III initially ran on August 15, 2015.

Some of the following questions may seem ­unrelated, but they all involve key concepts that explain the sometimes-misunderstood ­phenomena of flashing and cavitation:

Like the superhero that can leap tall buildings, the valve industry is made of steel.